Symptoms of Addiction

All addictions, whether to substances or to behaviors, involve both physical and psychological processes. Each person’s experience of addiction is slightly different, and addiction usually involves a cluster of some of the following symptoms. You can still be addicted even if you do not have all of the symptoms. 

There are many different addictions, but similar symptoms span them all.

Some of the symptoms common to addictions are:

1. Tolerance - the need to engage in the addictive behavior more and more to get the desired effect .

2. Withdrawal happens when the person does not take the substance or engage in the activity, and they experience unpleasant symptoms, which are often the opposite of the effects of the addictive behavior. 

3. Difficulty cutting down or controlling the addictive behavior.

4. Social, occupational or recreational activities becoming more focused around the addiction, and important social and occupational roles being jeopardized

5. The person becoming preoccupied with the addiction, spending a lot of time on planning, engaging in, and recovering from the addictive behavior.

Signs of Addiction

Symptoms can only be experienced by the person with the addiction, whereas signs can be observed by other people. You can never know what someone else is experiencing unless they tell you, so if you are concerned that someone else may have an addiction, look for signs as well as for symptoms.

You might see some signs in an addicted person but not others. These are signs which occur across many (but not necessarily all) addictions:

Extreme mood changes – happy, sad, excited, anxious, etc

Sleeping a lot more or less than usual, or at different times of day or night

Changes in energy – unexpectedly and extremely tired or energetic

Weight loss or weight gain

Unexpected and persistent coughs or sniffles

Seeming unwell at certain times, and better at other times

Pupils of the eyes seeming smaller or larger than usual

Secretiveness

Lying

Stealing

Financially unpredictable, perhaps having large amounts of cash at times but no money at all at other times

Changes in social groups, new and unusual friends, odd cell-phone conversations

Repeated unexplained outings, often with a sense of urgency

Drug paraphernalia such as unusual pipes, cigarette papers, small weighing scales, etc

“Stashes” of drugs, often in small plastic, paper or foil packages

Caution

Most of the signs of addiction have other explanations. For example, someone can be secretive because they are planning a birthday surprise for a friend. People can have changes of energy for numerous reasons, health related and otherwise. They can make new friendships and end old ones for many reasons other than addictions.

Most of the signs of addiction are similar to normal teenage behavior. Unfortunately, teenagers are one of the groups most vulnerable to addiction. Parents who are concerned about their teenage child should be very careful when discussing addiction with a teenager.

Be cautious about jumping to conclusions. Unless you have found drugs or drug paraphernalia, or have some other obvious evidence of an addiction, it is likely there is another explanation. However, do not be naïve if you have found drugs or drug paraphernalia, as you may end up with legal problems if you do not address the situation.

The most important factor in finding out whether someone has an addiction or not is trust. Trust needs to be earned, so try to be supportive. A confrontation with someone with an addiction is likely to just lead to denial and rejection from the addicted person.

Symptoms and Signs of Specific Addictions

The links below will give you more details of the signs and symptoms of specific addictions. (click source)

Substance Addictions

Alcohol – for example, wine, beer, liquor

Amphetamine or similarly acting sympathomimetics – for example, speed, crystal meth

Benzodiazepines - for example, Xanax, Valium

Caffeine – for example, coffee, tea, sports drinks

Cannabis – for example, marijuana, grass, hash

Cocaine – for example, coke, crack

Hallucinogens – for example, acid, ecstasy

Inhalants – for example, poppers, aerosols

Nicotine – for example, cigarettes, cigars, nicotine patches

Opioids – for example, heroin, morphine, painkillers

Phencyclidine (PCP) or similarly acting agents – for example, angel dust, ketamine

Sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics – for example, sleeping pills, downers

Behavioral Addictions

Computer – for example, internet, video games, social networking sites, cybersex, online gambling

Eating – for example, overeating, binging

Exercise – for example, weight loss, sports

Gambling – for example, VLTs, casinos, slot machines

Gaming – for example, computer games

Sex – for example, porn, cybersex, multiple partners

Shopping – for example, spending, stealing

Work – for example, overwork, money, power.

source: About.com